1、 What is the thermal insulation principle of aerogel
The thermal insulation principle of aerogel is that its independent structure brings infinite shielding effect, no convection effect and infinite loose path effect.
1. Infinite occlusion effect
The pores of gel are nano pores and the gel itself has a very low density. The pores in the aerogel tend to be "infinite", and each pore wall has the function of a heat shield, thus producing a nearly "infinite number of heat shields" effect to minimize the heat radiation.
2. No convective effect
When the pore diameter of aerogel nano materials is less than 70nm, the air molecules in the pores lose the ability of free flow and are in a near vacuum state, unable to conduct thermal convection.
3. Infinite Loose Path Effect
The density of gel is extremely low, the specific surface is large, and the volume skeleton is loose. Aerogel has an infinite number of nano pores. Heat is transmitted along the pore wall in the solid material of gel, and an infinite number of pore walls constitute an "infinite loose path" effect, which reduces the ability of solid heat conduction to the lowest limit.

2、 Temperature resistance of aerogel
Aerogel is a kind of milky white solid material, with the inner space of nano scale network pore structure, and the filling medium is air. The smallest thermal conductivity coefficient in heat conduction is air. In addition, the special structure inside the aerogel further reduces the thermal conductivity, so it is an excellent thermal insulation material. One centimeter thick aerogel is equivalent to the thermal insulation effect of 10 ordinary glasses. Moreover, the density of gel is low and the weight is light. At present, the lightest aerogel contains more than 99% air, almost no difference from the weight of air. These air with special structure scatter less sunlight, so aerogel looks like blue smoke in the sun, and a gust of wind can blow it away.
Aerogel seems to be "weak", but in fact it is very durable. It can withstand thousands of times the pressure of its own quality, and can withstand the highest temperature of 1400 degrees Celsius. Because of these characteristics, aerogel has become an irreplaceable material in space exploration. It is used for thermal insulation by the Russian "Peace" space station and the American "Mars Pathfinder" probe.