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From synthesis to application: an in-depth analysis of the full picture of hydrogenated silicone oil

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Hydrogenated silicone oil, an organosilicon compound with an important position in the chemical industry, has always been a hot topic in chemical research for its synthesis and application. This article aims to comprehensively analyze the synthesis route, application field and unique value of hydrogenated silicone oil in the chemical field.

1. Introduction to hydrogenated silicone oil

1.1. Basic concepts
Methyl hydrogenated silicone oil, referred to as hydrogenated silicone oil, is an important organosilicon compound with methyl or hydrogen atoms on its R group.

1.2. Synthesis route
Product brand and synthetic raw materials
Fully hydrogenated silicone oil, that is, a compound with an n value of zero, is represented by product brands such as 202 and 802 in the market. Its synthesis process mainly uses methyl D4 and 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane as the basic raw materials, and adds hexamethyldisiloxane or 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane as a capping agent, and conducts a precisely proportioned equilibrium polymerization reaction under the guidance of the catalyst.
Catalyst selection
In the synthesis process of hydrogenated silicone oil, it is very important to choose a suitable catalyst. Unlike conventional silicone oil synthesis, the synthesis of hydrogenated silicone oil requires the use of an acidic catalyst to prevent the breakage of the silicon-hydrogen (Si-H) bond, as alkaline catalysts may cause the breakage of this bond. In industry, byproducts are often prepared by hydrolyzing methyldichlorosilane (CH3SiHCl2), which are then subjected to equilibrium polymerization with D4 and a capping agent under the action of an acidic catalyst.
Catalyst and reaction conditions
In order to maintain the activity of the catalyst and prevent it from being reduced by silicon hydride compounds, strong acid catalysts that are not easily reduced, such as concentrated sulfuric acid, are usually selected in industry. In addition, the hydrolysis process needs to be carried out in an appropriate solvent to avoid gelation of the product. Commonly used solvents include a mixture of ethanol, butanol and toluene.

2. Application of hydrogenated silicone oil
2.1. Intermediates and reactions
Hydrogenated silicone oil, due to its unique active Si-H bond, has become an indispensable intermediate in the synthesis of modified silicone oil. It can undergo a silylation reaction with compounds containing carbon-carbon double bonds, thus playing a key role in organic synthesis.
Synthetic key intermediates

2.2. Cross-linking and film formation
Hydrogenated silicone oil also exhibits excellent cross-linking and film-forming ability. Under the catalysis of metal salt compounds, the product can undergo cross-linking reactions within a relatively low temperature range (140-150°C), thereby forming a uniform and stable waterproof film on the surface of various materials.

2.3. Waterproof applications
Due to its excellent waterproof performance, hydrogenated silicone oil is widely used in waterproofing of various substrates, such as fabrics, glass, ceramics, paper, leather, metal, cement and marble. This makes hydrogenated silicone oil show a wide range of application prospects in multiple industrial and commercial fields.

The cross-linking reaction of hydrogenated silicone oil is usually initiated by water and accelerated in an alkaline environment. The initial step of the reaction is the hydrolysis or oxidation of silicon-hydrogen bonds (Si-H), which are then converted into silanols. Subsequently, these silanols form stable siloxane bonds through condensation reactions, thereby completing the cross-linking process. It is worth noting that when metal compounds such as lead, zirconium, zinc, tin, and titanium are added as catalysts, the reaction temperature can be significantly reduced, usually to 140-150°C. In addition, highly active organic titanate catalysts, such as butyl titanate, can further promote the crosslinking reaction. However, it should be noted that this type of catalyst is sensitive to moisture and is therefore usually used in an anhydrous organic solvent environment.

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